Search results for "Premature chromosome condensation"

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Compromised repair of radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks in Fanconi anemia fibroblasts in G2

2020

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare chromosomal instability syndrome with various clinical features and high cancer incidence. Despite being a DNA repair disorder syndrome and a frequently observed clinical hypersensitivity of FA patients towards ionizing radiation, the experimental evidence regarding the efficiency of radiation-induced DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair in FA is very controversial. Here, we performed a thorough analysis of the repair of radiation-induced DSBs in G1 and G2 in FA fibroblasts of complementation groups A, C, D1 (BRCA2), D2, E, F, G and P (SLX4) in comparison to normal human lung and skin fibroblasts. γH2AX, 53BP1, or RPA foci quantification after X-irradiation was…

DNA End-Joining RepairBiologyBiochemistryFanconi Anemia Complementation Group F ProteinHistonesRecombinases03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineFanconi anemiaChromosome instabilitymedicineHumansDNA Breaks Double-StrandedFanconi Anemia Complementation Group G ProteinMolecular BiologyCells Cultured030304 developmental biologyBRCA2 ProteinChromosome Aberrations0303 health sciencesFanconi Anemia Complementation Group A ProteinFanconi Anemia Complementation Group D2 ProteinX-RaysCell CycleFanconi Anemia Complementation Group C ProteinRecombinational DNA RepairChromosomeDNACell BiologyFibroblastsCell cyclemedicine.diseaseFanconi Anemia Complementation Group E ProteinComplementationKineticsenzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates)Fanconi Anemiachemistry030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPremature chromosome condensationMutationCancer researchChromatidTumor Suppressor p53-Binding Protein 1DNADNA Repair
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Curcumin and trans-resveratrol exert cell cycle-dependent radioprotective or radiosensitizing effects as elucidated by the PCC and G2-assay

2013

Curcumin and trans-resveratrol are well-known antioxidant polyphenols with radiomodulatory properties, radioprotecting non-cancerous cells while radiosensitizing tumor cells. This dual action may be the result of their radical scavenging properties and their effects on cell-cycle checkpoints that are activated in response to radiation-induced chromosomal damage. It could be also caused by their effect on regulatory pathways with impact on detoxification enzymes, the up-regulation of endogenous protective systems, and cell-cycle-dependent processes of DNA damage. This work aims to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the dual action of these polyphenols and investigates under which conditions…

G2 PhaseRadiation-Sensitizing AgentsRadiosensitizerCurcuminAntioxidantDNA damageHealth Toxicology and Mutagenesismedicine.medical_treatmentRadioprotectorCellRadiation-Protective AgentsCHO CellsBiologyRadiation ToleranceCell Fusionchemistry.chemical_compoundCricetulusCricetinaeStilbenesGeneticsmedicineAnimalsHumansRadiosensitivityMolecular BiologyCells CulturedMutagenicity TestsCell CycleCell cycleChromatin Assembly and DisassemblyRadiosensitizermedicine.anatomical_structureG2-assayBiochemistrychemistryResveratrolPeripheral blood lymphocyteCancer researchCurcumintrans-ResveratrolPremature chromosome condensationMutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis
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